Key to the Exercise of Unit 4i

1. Hi a gyrchwys attaw.
• She set out for him. (... headed toward him)
2. Attaw ef y cyrchyssant.
• They set out for (headed toward) him.
3. Gwedy dyvod i'r llys ...
• After coming to the court ...
4. Parth a'r dydd Riannon a cyvodes.
• Towards day (i.e. around daybreak), Rhiannon arose.
5. Pwyll a oedd yn dyvod o gylchaw Dyved.
• Pwyll was coming from making a circuit of (lit. "circling") Dyfed.
6. Amser a doeth iddunt i vyned y gyscu.
• It came time for them to go to sleep.
• lit. Time came to them to go to sleep.
7. Mi a roddaf i'th law god vechan.
• I will put (give) into your hand a small bag.
8. Mi a roddaf y wledd i'r teulu.
• I will give the feast to the household.
9. Ydd oedd yn dyvod yn y veddwl vyned y hela.
• It came into his mind to go hunting.
• lit. Going to hunt was coming into his thought.
10. Mi a duunaf a thi.
• I agree with you. (or: I will agree with you.)
11. ... dyvod i wiscaw eurwisg amdanaw.
• ... coming to dress him in a golden garment
• lit. "to dress a golden garment about him"
12. Ydd oedd yn gwiscaw arveu amdanaw.
• He was putting armor on.
• lit. "dressing arms about himself"
13. Cerdded arav oedd gan y march.
• The horse had a slow pace.
14. Ac edrych ef ar liw y cwn.
• And he looked at the color of the dogs.
15. ... dyvod i erchi imi yscar a'm gwreig.
• ... coming to ask me to separate from my wife.
16. A pharabl a dywod ef wrthi hi.
• And he said something to her.
• lit. "he said a saying"
17. ... a dywedud i pawb y gyvranc.
• ... and telling everyone the tale.
18. Ni dywod ef wrthi hi un geir.
• He didn't say a single word to her.
19. A cyn ydd oedd yn ymavael a'r march ...
• And before he was grasping the horse ...
• perhaps: "before he could grasp..."
20. Ac val ydd oedd y erchwys ef yn ymgael ac ystlys y llannerch ...
• And as his pack reached the edge of the clearing...
• lit. "while his pack was reaching"
21. I'r yneuad ydd aethont ac y ymolchi.
• They went to the hall and [went] to wash up.
22. Ac val ydd oedd yn ymwarandaw a llev yr erchwys ...
• And while he was listening to the cry of the pack...
23. Mi a roddaf Pryderi a Riannon it.
• I will give Pryderi and Rhiannon to you.
24. A gwedy myned y baedd a'r cwn i'r gaer...
• And after the boar and the dogs went to the castle...
• lit. "after the going of the boar and the dogs"
25. Ar Pryderi y dieleis i'r chware.
• I took revenge on Pryderi for the trick.
• lit. "I avenged the trick"
• [note the vowel affection in the stem dial- > diel-]
26. Mi a waredaf yr hud y ar Dyved.
• I will remove the enchantment from Dyfed.
27. A gwedy ydd ymeveil a'r llaw ...
• And after she grasped the hand ...
• note: this verb forms the 3s preterite with a vowel change -- ymavael > ymeveil.
• note also: the gender of the subject is not given in this extract but is clear in the original context.
28. Caswallawn a wiscawdd llen hut amdanaw.
• Caswallawn dressed himself in the magic cloak.
29. Y gan Vanawydan y gelwis Nyssyen y mab attaw.
• Nissien called to boy to him from Manawydan.
30. Govynnwch iddi.
• Ask her.

Congratulations, you're starting to read some reasonably difficult text taken from actual Medieval Welsh literature!

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